H1N1 is a new strain of influenza A. Most people have no immune protection.
Influenza A or B strains are the same as previous years, or a minor variation. Many people have some immune protection from previous years.
Occurrence
Pandemic viruses happen only two or three times in a century.
They can occur at any time of year.
Pandemic influenza usually comes in two to three waves, several months apart. Each wave lasts about two to three months.
Seasonal flu usually happens every year between November and April in Canada.
Symptoms
Same as seasonal influenza, but may include: - Nausea - Vomiting - Diarrhea
Seasonal influenza symptoms: - Fever greater than 38C; and - Cough; and - Fatigue; and - Muscle aches; or - Lack of appetite; or - Runny or stuffy nose
Severity
H1N1 is causing generally mild symptoms. People with chronic illness are at greater risk of more serious illness, especially those with asthma. Younger people, pregnant women and people who are obese have also had more serious disease.
Symptoms can vary from mild to severe, even resulting in death. Seasonal influenza is hardest on people who don’t have a strong immune system; the very young, the very old, and people with certain chronic illnesses.
Care
Practice self-care and stay at home from work or school for seven days after the start of your symptoms and until you are able to resume daily activities. Rest and avoid close contact with others until your symptoms have gone away. If symptoms are not improving or worsen, contact your health care provider.
Same care as for H1N1
Prevention
Clean your hands frequently, especially after coughing, sneezing or blowing your nose. Wash your hands with soap and water, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Cough and sneeze into our arm, not your hand. Keep your hands away from your eyes, nose and mouth. Keep common surfaces clean and disinfected, if possible. Avoid touching common surfaces with your hands, if possible, and ensure you clean your hands regularly. Avoid close contact with people who are experiencing influenza-like symptoms. Get the H1N1 vaccine. Other steps to keep yourself healthy include: - Healthy eating - Maintaining an active lifestyle; and - Getting enough rest and sleep
Same prevention as for H1N1. Get the seasonal influenza vaccine every year.
Anti-viral medication
May be prescribed under certain circumstances. Not recommended for mild symptoms.
Same as for H1N1
Vaccine
A vaccine is available free of charge to all Canadians.
Annual influenza vaccinations will help protect people from seasonal influenza. Available free to all Albertans over six months.
